一个英国人的汉译英试译（以此接得某大项目）

Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space, or from a substance, and moving it to a place where it is unobjectionable. The primary purpose of refrigeration is lowering the temperature of the enclosed space or substance and then maintaining that lower temperature. The term cooling refers generally to any natural or artificial process by which heat is dissipated. The process of artificially producing extreme cold temperatures is referred to as cryogenics.

Cold is the absence of heat, hence in order to decrease a temperature, one "removes heat", rather than "adding cold." In order to satisfy the Second Law of Thermodynamics, some form of work must be performed to accomplish this. This work is traditionally done by mechanical work but can also be done by magnetism, laser or other means.

http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/51/1/76.pdf

Recent investigations have shown that prompt refrigeration of hot foods resulted in faster internal cooling than did initial
cooling to room temperature followed by refrigeration.

wherestip wrote:

There is no absolute upper bound temperature constraints in the concept of "refrigeration". Neither is there one on the lower side unless it gets into the range of cryogenics.

nigerose wrote:


大学里学过制冷原理和食品冷冻学，据我残存的知识，“prompt refrigeration of hot foods”是对热的食品进行冷冻（急冻），需要用到类似冰箱的冷冻设备，而不是象楼主贴出的原文那样用“35-40℃的循环使用的冷导热油”。

冷冻;致冷;制冷;refrigeration
http://www.chemyq.com/xz/xz3/20974poibv.htm
又称致冷或制冷。人工产生低温(低于周围环境温度)的技术。普通使用。的冷冻方法有压缩式和吸收式两种。它们共同的基本原理是利用液体蒸发和气体膨胀时吸取四周的热量的作用来产生低温。此外还有半导体冷冻技术的研究。冷冻范围一般是约在-100℃以内。冷冻是现代冷藏事业的基础，易腐物品借以长期保存和远途运输。冷冻可为工业生产和科学研究创造低温条件。冷冻也是改善在高温下人们的生活和劳动条件的措施。研究冷冻原理以及如何应用于生产和生活中去的技术和操作，称做冷冻工程、制冷工程或制冷工程(refrigerating engineering)。

wherestip wrote:


I agree that "refrigeration" is mostly used in the sense of bringing the temperature down to below room temperature. But I wouldn't go as far as to say the translator used the term wrong in this text, even though the hot paste was only brought down to the low of 35-40 degrees Celcius.

I can refrigerate a scalding hot plate of food until it is edible.

nigerose wrote:

虽然在一般英语中refrigeration可以理解为cooling，但是在制冷学科中，refrigeration就是指人工产生低温(低于周围环境温度)的技术。
楼主贴出的内容属科技内容，严谨一点，还是不用refrigeration为好；严格来说，用refrigeration就是错误的。
这种不严谨的词语放在专利中，说不定会带来专利官司。很多专利官司其实就是对专利说明书抠字眼。

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/refrigerate?qsrc=2888

re·frig·er·ate (rĭ-frĭj'ə-rāt') Pronunciation Key
tr.v. re·frig·er·at·ed, re·frig·er·at·ing, re·frig·er·ates

1.To cool or chill (a substance).

wherestip wrote:


nigerose,

That is your opinion. And I have mine.

There are plenty of "refrigerate till cool" usages on the web. In this case it is refrigerate till the paste cools down to 35-40 degrees Celsius.

nigerose wrote:

nigerose,

google约有 227 项符合 “refrigerate till cool" 的查询结果，不算多。
而且大概查看了一下，基本上出现在日常食品制作的情景中，不是科技文章中。
还是要区分文体。

nigerose wrote:

我电脑中的金属词霸释义如下：


re.frig.er.at.ed; re.frig.er.at.ing; re.frig.er.ates;
To cool or chill (a substance).
使冷却，使冷冻使（物质）冷却或冷冻
To preserve (food) by chilling.
冷冻保存通过冷冻来保存（食物）

可是，我学过的制冷知识让我觉得这里用refrigeration不顺眼，可能是一种直觉，也可能是一种先入为主的成见。但更是一种理智，认为在科技文体中，这里用refrigeration不合适。

nigerose wrote:

我只是说明我的翻译思维，并不是说谁 intelligent。